Thursday, July 4, 2013

SAP HR ABAP - FAQ

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  1. What are the different HR sub modules?
    • Personnel Administration
    • Personnel development
    • Organizational Management
    • Time management
    • Payroll
    • Training and event management
  2. What are the different HR sub modules?
    • Personnel Administration
    • Personnel development
    • Organizational Management
    • Time management
    • Payroll
    • Training and event management
  3. Why HR is different from other modules?
      4. The following concepts are defined in HR which differs this module with other modules
    • Use of Infotypes
    • The use of Logical Database
    • Use of Macros
    • Storage and Access of data
    • Authorization checks
  4. What is infotype?
    • The information units used to enter the data of an employee are called Infotypes.
    • The Infotypes are used to group related data fields together.
  5. Why Infotype?
      6. As HR is related to time, we require old data as well as new data. The data we enter into the infotypes are automatically checked for accuracy and against the table entries. In simple, HR data is huge and to access data easily we require Infotype.
  6. Can you list some HR master data infotypes?
    • 0000 - Actions
    • 0001 - Organizational Assignment
    • 0002 - Personal Data
    • 0003 - Payroll Status
    • 0006 - Addresses
    • 0009 - Bank Details
    • 0021 - Family/Related Person
    • 0022 - Education Details
    • 0027 - Cost Distribution
    • 0105 - Communication
  7. What are the different Actions on Employee?
    • Hire an employee.
    • Change the organizational assignment of an employee.
    • Change an employee’s pay.
    • Set an employee’s status to early retiree or pensioner.
    • Document when an employee leaves or re-enters the enterprise.
  8. Can you explain Enterprise structure?
    • Company code: Represents the highest level of Company structure.
    • Personnel Area: It can represent large divisions within company and Geographic locations.
    • Personnel Sub-area: Personnel sub areas are a subdivision of the personnel area. At this level, the organizational aspects are controlled.
      • Country groupings, Public Holiday calendar and wage type structures comes under organizational aspects.
  9. What is Personnel structure?
    • The personnel structure can be considered from two perspectives:
      • administrative perspective
      • organizational perspective
    • The administrative personnel structure consists of the following elements:
      • Employee group
      • Employee subgroup
      • Payroll accounting area
      • Organizational key
    • The organizational personnel structure consists of the following elements:
      • Position
      • Job
      • Organizational unit.
  10. Can you explain Time constraints?
    • Record must have no gaps, no overlappings
    • Record may include gaps, no overlappings
    • Record may include gaps, can exist more than once
  11. What is Logical Database?
      12. The LDB is special type of ABAP program that combines the contents of certain related database tables and retrieve some related data and make it available to application programs.
  12. What are the functions of LDB in HR?
    • Data retrieval
    • Selection-screen
    • LDB structure
    • Authorization check for personnel data
  13. What are the different LDBs available in HR?
    • PNP (for Personnel Admin, Time management, Payroll)
    • PNPCE (Concurrent Employment)
    • PCH (for Personnel Development, Org .Management)
    • PAP (for Recruitment)
  14. Can you explain PNP LDB structure like what are the root nodes and sub nodes ?
      15. Pernr (root) (Sub nodes) .Pynoscreen, Pyorgscreen, Pytimescreen, Payroll
  15. What is Get PERNR event?
    • When GET pernr is triggered, all Infotype internal table defined with INFOTYPES statements are populated with employee records
  16. What is Report category? Why do we use?
  17. Why do we use PROVIDE-ENDPROVIDE?
    • It creates partial periods
    • Infotype tables can be joined at a time.
  18. What is the difference between PROVIDE-ENDPROVIDE and LOOP-ENDLOOP?
    • Provide-Endprovide creates Partial periods
    • We can join infotype tables using provide-Endprovide
  19. Can you give overview infotypes for Different submodules? like from where to where ?
    • 0000 to 0999 ( Personnel Admin and Payroll) (DB tables pa0000 to pa0999)
    • 1000 to 1999 (Personnel Development and Org.Management)( DB table HRP1000 to HRP1999)
    • 2000-to-2999 (Time management) (DB tables PA2000 to PA2999)
    • 3000-to-3999 do not use
    • 4000-to-4999 (recruitment) (DB table PB4000 to PB4999)
    • 5000-to-8999 Do not use
    • 9000-to-9999 (custom infotypes )
  20. Without LDB, I want to get data into infotype internal table, How do I proceed?
    • Function module HR_READ_INFOTYPE
    • Macro RP-READ-INFOTYPE A B C D E. (A –PERNR, B-infotype no, C-infotype table, D-begda, E-endda)
  21. Did u use any macro? if Yes,what is macro? and what are the different macros you used?
  22. All macros are stored in one table. What is that?
    • TRMAC
  23. If I want to set selection period as Current Month by default. What should we do?
    • In the INITIALIZATION event, set PNPTIMED = ‘M’.
        • For remaining periods. The possible specifications of variable PNPTIMED are:
      • D for key date
      • M for month
      • Y for year
      • P for past
      • F for future
  24. What is the macro used to change the data selection period for Individual Infotypes?
    • Macro: RP_SET_DATA_INTERVAL
      • Example
INITIALIZATION. 
RP_SET_DATA_INTERVAL 0001 SY_DATUM SY_DATUM 
START_OF_SELECTION.
  25. Can you explain what is repetitive structure? How do process repetitive structures?
  26. What are the Time data infotypes?
    • Range 2000-2999
  27. One infotype is 1004. What may be the database table of that infotype?
    • HRP1004: - 1000 to 1999 are Org.Management and Personnel development. Database tables : HRP1000 to HRP1999
  28. How do we read Time data? Procedure?
      29. You should not load all time infotype records from the earliest to most recent system dates into the main memory. This would quickly lead to a memory overload, especially if a front-end time recording system is connected to your HR system.
This is why time data should be read only for a specific period.
Use the infotype declaration supplement MODE N to define that the internal time infotype tables should be declared but not filled at the GET PERNR event.
Later you can fill these tables using a statement with selection period parameters.
Use the following report to read time data:


      REPORT RPABAP05.
TABLES: PERNR.
INFOTYPES: 2001 MODE N.
GET PERNR.
RP_READ_ALL_TIME_ITY PN-BEGDA PN-ENDDA. These Macros are used to get data from Time database to infotype internal table.
LOOP AT P2001.
WRITE: / P2001-ABWTG.
ENDLOOP.
  29. What is feature?
      30. Definition:
Features are objects in the system, which by querying different enterprise personnel or data structure fields, determine a specific value known as a "back value" or "result". 
The back value is used to determine default values and to control certain system processes. 

Uses:
1. Features for determining default values
2. Features for controlling system processes
3. Features for controlling list displays in evaluations.

Function modules used to retrieve Values.
1. HR_FEATURE_BACKFIELD
2. HR_FEATURE_BACKTABLE

Transaction code used in Feature related.
* PE03.
  30. Can you explain what types of authorizations are there in HR?
      31. Two types of authorizations
      1 . Data authorization
      2 . Person authorization
      A distinction is made between a person and a data authorization.
      The system first checks whether the user has an authorization for the employee in accordance
      with the criteria of organizational assignment. Employees for which the user has no authorization are not evaluated.
      The system then checks whether the user is authorized to process the infotypes of the specified report. A list would be meaningless if the data were not evaluated completely.
      Authorization for Persons

      • In the authorization check for persons, the system determines whether the user has the authorizations required for the organizational features of the employees selected with GET PERNR.
      • Employees for which the user has no authorization are skipped and appear in a list at the end of the report.
      • Authorization object: 'HR: Master data'.

      Authorization for Data

      • In the authorization check for data, the system determines whether the user is authorized to read the infotypes specified in the report.
      • If the authorization for a particular infotype is missing, the evaluation is terminated and an error message is displayed. Deactivating the Authorization Check.
      • In certain reports, it may be useful to deactivate the authorization check in order to improve performance. (e.g. when running payroll).
      • You can store this information in the object 'HR: Reporting'.
  31. Where are payroll results stored?
    • PCL2 table cluster
  32. Can you explain PCL1, PCL2, PCL3 and PCL4?
    • PCL1 - Time data and Employee master data
    • PCL2 - Payroll results
    • PCL3 - Applicant data
    • PCL4 - the change documents for HR master data and recruitment.
  33. What is country grouping In HR?
      34. Country Grouping
      A unique indicator for a country that is used in the Human Resources components of the R/3 System.
      Use
      In the R/3 System, the country grouping is used instead of the country indicator because the country indicator is not always unique (for example, more than one license plate number can exist in one country).
      All of the country groupings that exist in the system are stored in table T500L (Personnel Country Grouping).
      Example
      Country grouping 10 = USA.
      Country grouping 22 = Japan.
  34. What is in-period n for-period?
    • In-Period: represents the current period i.e. in which period we are doing the payroll run.
    • For-Period: represents the actual period of payroll i.e, for which period we are going to run payroll.
  35. What is retroactive accounting?
      36. The Retroactive Accounting Process
      To keep this example simple, deductions for taxes, social insurance and the like are not taken into account.



    • Retroactive accounting is triggered by a change to master data that affects payroll with retroactive effect.

      • After the payroll has run for payroll period 06, the employee Donna Moore receives an increase in basic pay of USD 500 that is retroactively effective as of payroll period 05:
      • Old basic pay: USD 3000
      • New basic pay: USD 3500
      The associated retroactive change in Infotype 0008 Basic Pay triggers retroactive accounting in payroll period 07 for periods 05 and 06.



    • The system creates new payroll results for the payroll past.

      • The system creates new payroll results for periods 05 (05 in 07) and 06 (06 in 07) in addition to the regular payroll result for payroll period 07 (07 in 07). However, it does not delete the original results of these periods. Instead, it provides them with different status indicators.
  36. What are the different payroll related infotypes?
    • 0003 - Payroll Status
    • 0008 - Basic Pay
    • 0025 - Appraisals
    • 0015 - Additional Payments
    • 0011 - External Bank Transfers
    • 0057 - Membership Fees
    • 0037 - Insurance
    • 0014 - Recurring Payments/Deductions
  37. What are the clusters are there in PCL2?
    • WPBP - Workcenter/Basic pay
    • ABC   - Copulation of absence class
    • RT      - Results table
    • CRT   - Cumulative results table
  38. How do we read cluster RT?
      39. Procedure
      • Use LDB PNP.
      • Use std includes to define payroll results internal tables and structures
      • To read cluster directory CD by passing key CD-key pernr-pernr using                   RP-IMP-C2-CU.
      •  RGDIR table is filled with data
      • Loop RGDIR.
        • 1. Pass RX-key 1. PERNR 2. SEQNR
        • To read results directory RX using  RP-IMP-C2-RG macro
        • Now RT, CRT, ABC are filled with data.
        • Loop RT table and get relevant payroll data.
      • End loop.
  39. Transaction codes related to Payroll Results?
    • PC_PAYRESULT - Display Payroll results

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